PATHOLOGY
Hematologic
Click on the
-?-
to reveal/hide the answer.
Identify whether bleeding disorder is a platelet abnormality
(microhemorrhage) [PA] or a coagulation factor defect (macrohemorrhage) [CFD]
| -?-CFD |
hemarthroses (bleeding into the joints) |
| -?-PA |
petechiae |
| -?-PA |
purpura |
| -?-PA |
mucous membrane bleeding |
| -?-CFD |
easy bruising |
| -?-CFD |
prolonged PT and/or PTT |
| -?-PA |
prolonged bleeding time |
Identify lymphoma trait as either associated with Hodgkin's [H] or with non-Hodgkin's [n-H]:
| -?-n-H |
fewer constitutional signs/symptoms |
| -?-n-H |
peak incidence 20-40 years |
| -?-H |
localized, single group of nodes; extranodal rare; contiguous spread |
| -?-H |
good prognosis = ↑ lymphocytes, ↓ RS |
| -?-H |
Reed-Sternberg cells |
| -?-H |
mediastinal lymphadenopathy |
| -?-n-H |
associated with HIV & immunosuppression |
| -?-H |
low-grade fever, night sweats, weight loss |
| -?-n-H |
no hypergammaglobulinemia |
| -?-H |
50% of cases associated with EBV |
| -?-H |
more common in med except nodular sclerosis type |
Match leukemia to characteristic
| -?-CLL |
older adults; lymphadenopathy; hepatosphlenomegaly; few symptoms; indolent
course; ↑ smudge cells in peripheral blood smear; warm antibody autoimmune
hemolytic anemia; very similar to SLL (small lymphocytic lymphoma) |
| -?-ALL |
children; lymphoblasts; most responsive to therapy; associated with Down
syndrome |
| -?-AML |
Auer rods; myeloblasts; adults |
| -?-CML |
most commonly associated with Philadelphia chromosome; myeloid stem cell
proliferation; presents with ↑ neutrophils & metamyelocytes |
|
ALL
AML
CLL
CML
|
Chromosomal translocations: Match translocation to associated disorder
| -?-t (11;22) |
Ewing's sarcoma |
| -?-t (11;14) |
Mantle cell lymphoma |
| -?-t (15;17) |
M3 type of AML (responsive to all-trans retinoic acid) |
| -?-t (8;14) |
Burkitt's lymphoma (c-myc activation) |
| -?-t (14;18) |
Follicular lymphomas (bcl-2 activiation) |
|
t(9;22) Philadelphia chromosome
t (8;14)
t (14;18)
t (15;17)
t (11;22)
t (11;14)
|