BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE
Psychiatry
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-?-
to reveal/hide the answer.
-?-anterograde
amnesia is the inability to remember things that occurred after a CNS insult
(no new memory); -?-Korsakoff's
amnesia, a classic anterograde amnesia caused by thiamine deficiency, is
associated with alcoholism & confabulations;
-?-retrograde
amnesia is inability to remember things that occurred before a CNS insult.
| Drug | Intoxication | Withdrawal |
|---|---|---|
| alcohol | Disinhibition, emotional lability, slurred speech, ataxia, coma, blackouts | -?-Tremor, tachycardia, hypertension, malaise, nausea, seizures, delirium tremens (DTs), tremulousness, agitation, hallucinations |
| amphetamines | -?-Psychomotor agitation, impaired judgment, papillary dilation, hypertension, tachycardia, euphoria, prolonged wakefulness & attention, cardiac arrhythmias, delusions, hallucinations, fever | Post-use crash, including depression, lethargy, headache, stomach cramps, hunger, hypersomnolence |
| -?-PCP | Belligerence, impulsiveness, fever, psychomotor agitation, vertical & horizontal nystagmus, tachycardia, ataxia, homicidality, psychosis, delirium | Recurrence of intoxication symptoms due to reabsorption in GI tract; sudden onset of severe, random, homicidal violence |
| marijuana | Euphoria, anxiety, paranoid delusions, perception of slowed time, impaired judgment, social withdrawal, increased appetite, dry mouth hallucinations | -?-Does withdrawal occur? |
| -?-Barbituates | Low safety margin, respiratory depression | Anxiety, seizures, delirium, life-threatening cardiovascular collapse |
| Caffeine | Restlessness, insomnia, increased diuresis, muscle twitching, cardiac arrhythmias | -?-Headache, lethargy, depression, weight gain |
Treat DTs with
-?-benzodiazepines.
There are an estimated
-?-500,000
US heroin addicts.
One key to diagnosing dementia is to rule out
-?-delirium (note: in elderly patients, depression may present like dementia).
-?-dysthymia
is a milder form of depression lasting at least 2 years.
The major adverse effects of ECT are
-?-disorientation
and amnesia (anterograde & retrograde).
RE manic episodes, what symptoms does the mnemonic DIG FAST stand for and a
minimum of how many symptoms must be present for this diagnosis?
| D: | -?-Distractibility |
| I: | -?-Insomnia |
| G: | -?-Grandiosity |
| F: | -?-Flight of ideas |
| A A: | -?-Increase in goal-directed Activity & psychomotor Agitation |
| S: | -?-Pressured Speech |
| T: | -?-Thoughtlessness |
| (note) | -?-a minimum of 3 of the above must be present during mood disturbance |
-?-lithium
is the drug of choice for bipolar disorder;
-?-cyclothymic disorder
is a milder form of bipolar disorder lasting at least 2 years.
Panic disorders are periods of intense fear and discomfort
peaking in -?-ten (10)
minutes with at least 4 of the following present: palpitations, abdominal
distress, -?-nausea,
increased perspiration, chest pain, chills and choking.
| -?-Cluster B | antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic |
| -?-Cluster C | avoidant, obsessive-compulsive, dependent |
| -?-Cluster A | paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal |
| Cluster A Cluster B Cluster C | |
Match the childhood disorder with the appropriate
description:
| -?-Tourette's | motor/vocal tics & involuntary profanity |
| -?-Rett's | X-linked disorder seen only in girls |
| -?-Autism | severe communication & relationship problems |
| -?-Separation anxiety | fear of loss of attachment figure w/ factitious physical complaints to avoid school |
| -?-Asperger's | milder form of autism |
| -?-ADHD | limited attention span & poor impulse control |
| -?-Conduct disorder | continued behavior violating social norms |
| -?-ODD | oppositional defiance to authority figures but an absence of criminality |
| Autism Asperger's Rett's ADHD Conduct disorder Separation anxiety Tourette's ODD | |
Hallucinations are
-?-perceptions
in the absence of external stimuli; illusions are
-?-misinterpretations
of actual external stimuli; delusions are
-?-false beliefs
not shared by other members of the culture/subculture that are firmly
maintained in spite of obvious proof to the contrary.
Visual & auditory hallucinations are common in
-?-schizophrenia; olfactory
hallucination often occurs as an aura of psychomotor
-?-epilepsy;gustatory hallucination
is -?-rare;
tactile hallucinations is common in
-?-DTs
and -?-cocaine abuse;
-?-hypnagogic
hallucination occurs while going to sleep;
-?-hypnopompic
hallucination occurs while waking from sleep.
Positive symptoms of
-?-schizophrenia
include hallucinations, delusions, strange behavior, loose associations.